Intro to Argument

Obj: Define inductive, deductive, and causal reasoning; evaluate the quality of inductive, deductive, and causal reasoning; identify common fallacies of reasoning.

1. Share speeches (small groups)

2.Intro to Argument: Monty Python

Argument is about convincing an audience of your point of view. It is more discussion-oriented or about showing your thinking on an issue. It includes and analyzes different points of view. Persuasion is about changing your audience’s mind. It’s a call to action. It uses select information (only) that favors your point of view.

→ WHAT MAKES A STRONG ARGUMENT? ←

REASONS & EVIDENCE

3. What types evidence?

• Facts--cannot be disputed
• “Truths” accepted by many people, but no hard proof
• Statistics--numbers talk!
• Should come from good sources, should be cited
• Can be skewed!
• Quotes--call on the experts!
• But make sure your authorities are legit
• Examples--make it personal
• As long it’s relevant and a good example, use it (+ another)
• Analogies--comparisons of two otherwise unlike things
• Useful when you don’t have hard data or testimonial on your topic
• Used in “cutting edge” discussions (new ground)
• Example: in discussing the legalization of marijuana in Maine, people often make an analogy to alcohol (as opposed to getting direct data on pot from CO or WA)

4. Types of Reasoning (powerpoint)

• Inductive
• Deductive
• Causal

Which type of reasoning?

5. Timed Diagnostic: Incentives for Charity

HW: Read "Love is a Fallacy" posted on classroom)  and note examples of the fallacies you see in the story. 

Next time: Toulmin vs. Rogerian